Carbureting-lamp.



PATENTED JULY 28, 1903.- W. s. STROWGER.

GARBURETING LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 20, 1899. RENEWED JAN. 9. 1903.

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Patented July as, 1903.

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WALTERS. STROWGER, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TosTRow GER COMPANY,OF ROCHESTER, ,YORK.

NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF CARBU RETlNG-LAM P.

PEClFICATION forming part 01' Letters Patent No. 734,772, dated July 28,1903. Application filed December- Z0. I899. Renewed January 9. 1903.Serial No. 138,435. (No model.)

T at whom, it m/otp concern: Be it known that LWALTER S. STRoWenR, acitizen of the United States,'and a resident of Rochester, in the countyof Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Oarbureting-Lamps,

I of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to carbureting-lamps.

Its purpose is to provide a mechanism adapted to produce a gas that willburn with a blue.

flame, thus showing a substantially complete combustion.

My invention consists in the devices and ar- T across-section on thatportion of the dottedline Within the bracket marked 5, Fig. 3.

In the drawings, reference being had to Figs. 1 and 2, A is an ordinaryself-feeding reservoir. such as is employed in what are known as Germanstudent-lamps and adapted to feed 1 the contents of the reservoir into avesseland. It embodies a discharge-tube a and valve a adapted to close.

to. a definite height therein.

the reservoir when the reservoir is lifted from its place, but inwhichthe valve-stem a is moved to open the'valvc when the reservoir is inplace for feeding the contents therefrom.

A guide 0. for the valvestem a may be used.

B is an outer casing, in which the reservoir is supported, to the bottomof'which is connected a feed-pipe B, leading to theburner Z). In theform of device shown the burner is a tube having a wire-gauze cap, onthe .outer surface of which the combustion of vapor occurs. In ordertoproduce light,various forms of device may be employed, but a convenientform is shown in the drawings, consisting of an incandescible mantle bsupported "support for said mantle, and b is the chimney. The burner mayof course beused for heating purposes only and may be embodied in aheater or stove for cooking or househeating.

Within the outer casing B is an inner casing 0, having an imperforatebottom 0, and in the side of the inner casing, at a suitable heightabove the. bottom, are a series of perforations c. When oil is fed fromthe reservoir A, it passes into the bottom of the inner casing O, andthe perforations c are set so far above said bottom that fluid will notflow out through the perforations. The perforations, however, may bequite close to the surface of the fluid. The casing C is hung from theannular top 6 of the casing B and at such a distance from the side Wallsof the outer casing that air may pass freely down through the space thusformed. The resersupported by it, and said annular top is perforated bya series of inlet air-h0les I). Said holes are so placed as to permitthe passage of air downward into the interior of the casing O and of thecasing B, so that air flowing through the top of the casing B passesboth into the casingO and outside it and downward.

tions 0 in the upper portion of the casing C,

so that air may circulate freely therethrough.

Within the casing O is a vertically arranged sheet D of absorbentmaterial, which extends down to the bottom of the casing and ispreferably made of fibrous asbestos. It may, however, be made of felt orwicking or other suitable material and of such height as to extendfromcut of the fluid to a height above the surface of the fluid such asto provide an ample evaporating-surface. It is preferably supported bymeans of the inner lining d of wire-cloth. Through the lower portion ofthe sheet of absorbent D are a series of holes d, that are at such aheight from the bottom of the casing that the oil flowing from thereservoir does not flow through the holes, but which are close to thesurface of the oil. The

Wall

-v0ir A rests upon the annular top 12 and is reservoir A is set withinthe sheet of absorb- LG-.1

50 over the burner 22', so as to be heated and made ent, leaving a space61 Fig. 2, between the reservoir and the absorbent. Consequently airwhich passes inward and downward into the casing 0 passes both insidethe absorbent D and outside of the same and between it and the casing C.

The casing O is a mixer for air and gasolene-vapor, and the holes 0constitute a connection between the casing O and the easing B.

Below the bottom of the casing O is a cap E of such size and shape aswhen fitted upon the lower end of the casing O to cover the series ofperforations c. This cap is operated by means of any suitable device,such as a thumb-screw 0, supported in the collar B connected to thecasing B, and having a threaded end 0 passing into a threaded projection 6 upon the cap E, so that when the thumb-screw C is turned inone direction the cap E is raised, the perforations O are closed, andwhen the thumb-screw is turned in the other direction the cap is loweredand said perforations are opened. the thumb-screw O is another thread 0having a nut 0 thereon. The thread on the end C is of the reverse formto that of the thread C -that is to say, if the former thread isright-handed the latter is left-handed. Consequently when thethumb-screw O is turned and the cap E is raised the nut o will belowered. To the nut c are fastened a series of rods 0 which connect witha flat cover 0 set above the perforated top of the casing B, so thatwhen the cover 0 is lowered the perforations b are closed, and when thesaid cover is raised said perforations are opened. Consequently uponturning the thumb-screw C the perforations c in the casing O are closed,and at the same time by the same movement of the thumb-screw theperforations b" in the top of the outer casing are closed.

The reservoir A is attached by a kind of bayonet-catch to the top (2 ofthe casing B, as follows: The reservoir A has a lug a upon its outersurface, as shown in Fig. 2, and the inner edge of the tube b of theouter casing B has a notch 0 through which said lug may pass when thereservoir is inserted into place,

and said lug is in such position as to lie closely under the undersurface of the top 19 when the reservoir A is slightly turned. the cover0 is attached an arm 0 which is in a position with reference to thenotch in the top b so 'that when the lug 0, is turned.

' position of the notch a and the reservoir cannot be turned so as topermit the lug to register with the notch in the cover b and 'e'on'sequently'the reservoir A can be with- Upon the stem of drawn onlywhen the cover 0 is lowered, the cap 6 is raised, and the inflow of airinto the casings B and O is thereby cut off, and outflow through theperforations c is stopped.

This device is adapted for the use of gasolene and other similarhydrocarbon oils. The reservoir A is suitably filled and is inserted inplace, thereby opening the valve a in the reservoir and permitting oilto flow into the lower part of the casing G. Then the thumbscrew 0 isturned, removing the cap E from the perforations c and raising the cover0 from the perforations b. The evaporation of the gasolene begins fromits surface and in addition the sheet of absorbent D takes up thegasolene like a wick, distributes it over a considerable surface, andincreases the evaporation of the fluid into the casing 0. Air

flows in through the perforations b and mixes with the vapor inside thecasing O, and the air mixes freely with the vapor. The vapor beingheavier than air, flows through the perforations c and drags with it theair which has been flowing in through the perforations b, so that theoutflow through said perforations is a mixture of air and gasolenevapor.At this point the mixture is so highly charged with gasolene that if themixture were burned it would produce a yellow flame, showing incompletecombustion; but the spraying of the mixture of air and vapor through thefine perforations 0 into a fresh body of air permits a second aerationof the mixture and the addition of more oxygen of the air thereto. Theair permitting this second aeration comes through the perforations b anddown outside the casing O and between it and the casing B. Thehighly-aerated mixture is still heavy enough to pass by gravity down thetube B and to the burner Z), and at this point it will be found that theflame is blue, showing a substantially complete combustion. 'On accountof the free evaporation of the gasolene in the casing C and the freeadmission of air thereto, (for the inlet perforations b are large enoughto supply all the air that can be had through the pipe B,) the mixed airand vapor inside the casing O are what may properly becalled a saturatedmixture, which flows out through the fine perforations c. It will benoticed that evaporation occurs from both the inner and the outersurfaces of the absorbent D and that the perforations d permit the mixedvapor and air inside of the sheet D to flow outward in order to passthrough the perforations c. The saturatedmixture in the casing O is,reaerated, or red-need in its proportion of gasolene, by the airoutside of the casing O, which meets the spray flowing through theperforations c.

In Figs. 3 to 6 is shown a modified form of the device embodying myinvention, which is the preferred form. A is the same'studentlampreservoir as in the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2. A is the outlet-tubetherefrom, and

a is the stem of the same valve a shown in IIO edge of which thereservoir A rests. The top G has a series of air-inlet perforations g,

which may be covered with wire-gauze, if desired. An annular cover G ishinged to the casing G, so as to cover all the perforations 9 whenlowered and to open them when raised.

The outer casing G has a tight bottom g extending entirely across it. IUpon this bottom rests a series of cylindrical vertical absorbent sheetsH of the same character as the sheet D described in relation to theformer device and which may be supported and protected by wire-nettingit. By this arrangement I am enabled to secure the maximumradiatingsurface The wire-netting, preferably cor rugated, as shown inFig. 5, retains the sheets .well apart and at the sametime exposes themfreely to the air.

- the level at which the fluid gasolene may stand in said casing G. Asshown in the drawings and for the purpose of avoiding the bottom entsheets.

of the reservoir A,the tube J is set to one sideand within a recess madein the absorb- A cock j opens or cuts off the flow of vapor downwardthrough the tube J,

and said cock isconnected by a link g with the coverC near to its hingeg the drawings, said link is fixed eccentrically As shown in to thecocky, so that when the handle J is turnedand the cock isclosed thecover is lowered, but when the handle J is turned and the cockj isopened the cover G is raised.

. Consequently the same movement of the handle J cutsoff the outflow ofvapor from the casing G through thepipe J and at the same:

time shuts the air-inlets g into said casing.

Under the bottom g and in a downward extension of the casingO are aseries of air-inlet holes g so that vapor flowing downward through thepipeJ may be mixed with a fresh .supplyof air coming in through theholes g Below the level of said holes is placed a box K, of any suitableform, but having around its sides a number of fine perforations k, sothat the vapor flowing into said box is discharged or sprayed outwardtherefrom through the perforations 7c in order to be mixed with the airflowing inward through the holes g The box K is placed below the levelof. said holes, becausethe mixed gasolene and air is heavier than airalone and tends to fall downward and does not tend to rise and flowoutward through the holes g Thedownward extension G of the casing G,

underneath the bottom g, is extended to In meet the pipe B, leading tothe burner. this form ofthis invention thereis a greaterevaporating-surface by reason of the multiplication of the absorbentsheets H.

. air and .gasolene vapor, and. the tube J is a casing G, abovethebottom g, may be a seppivotal point of the hinge g Through the bottom9 ex-, tends a tube J upward and to a point above The casing G, abovethe bottom g, is a mixer for arate vessel from the casing below thebottom, provided there is a connecting-tube between them, and the casingbelow the bottom is a mixing-chamber. In both forms of my device thefirst mixture of air and vapor is reaerated in its passage from themixer to the burner.

In order to prevent the reservoir A from being lifted out from thecasing G until the cover G is closed upon the inlet-holes g, thefollowing mechanism is provided. An arm 9 is attached to the under sideof the cover G and is curved in an arc whose center is the The lowerportion of this arm is U-shaped in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 6,and at its upper :part the sides of the U are cut away, as at 9 Fig. 3.Upon the reservoir A is a lug a adapted, when the reservoir is inpositionand the reservoir is slightly turned, to come under the inneredge of the top G of the casing G. The lug is also of such width that itcannot enter the recess in the U-shaped portion of the arm g If thecover G is down, the reservoir A may be inserted, and then the lug Awill rest over the upper edges of the sides of the U-shaped portion ofthe arm g and upon turning the reservoir slightly the lug comes underthe edge of the top G, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6, and will stay on one.side of the arm 9 The reservoir cannot be turned if the arm is raisedso as to bring the U -shaped portion in the path of rotation of the arma When the cover G is closed, however, the lug a passes above the sidesof the U-shaped part of the arm 9 and the reservoir may be removed.

Inthe form of device last described the reservoir is supposed to havebeen removed and the cover G and the cockj to have been closed. Thereservoir A is nowinserted and is turned slightly, so that the lug alies under the edge of the top G of the reservoir G. The lifting of thevalve by reason of the stem a striking the bottom g of the casing Gpermits oil to flow out from the reservoir until the proper heightthereof in the casing G mixed air and vapor pass downward through thetube J into the box K, and is then sprayed outward through theperforations it in the edge of the ,box. A new supply of air passes inthrough the holes 9 and mixes with the saturated mixture of air and gaswhich comes out of the box K, adding oxygen to the mixture and insufficient quantity to produce a blue flame when the mixture is burned.

IIO

In both forms of my invention itwillbe :noticed that the saturatedmixture is aerated after it leaves the mixing vessel, and it is obviousthat other devices than those shown may be employed which will so admitair to the mixture in its passage from the mixer to the burner that itwill become so thoroughly aerated as to burn with a blue flame. In boththese forms of my invention it will be noticed that the flow of vapor isproduced entirely by gravity and that there is no other force employedto conduct the gas to the burner.

In the form of my device shown in Figs. 3 and 5 the wire-netting of theperforated sheet metal supporting the sheets of absorbent is corrugated,as clearly shown in Fig. 5, in order to permit free circulation of airbetween the sheets and to support them in proper relation to each other.The wire-netting his of large mesh, as shown in Fig. 3.

It is clear that the operation of the circle of perforations 9 and theperforations 7c of the box K may be said to be either a spraying of thevapor into air or a spraying of air into the vapor, and my inventioncovers either mode of mixing air and vapor together.

What I claim is 1. The combination of a mixer for hydrocarbon vapor andair, a casing connected with the mixer, an air-inlet into the casing,and

means within the casing for producing a second mixing of the firstmixture and a second supply of air, a burner, and a conduit connectingsaid casing with the burner, descending as it leaves said casing,whereby the passage of the mixed air and gas from said casingautomatically draws in an additional supply of air through saidair-inlet, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a mixing vessel adapted to vaporize fluidhydrocarbon and having an air-inlet, a casing connected with the mixingvessel, an air-inlet into the easing, a spraying device for conductingthe mixed air and vapor into said casing, a burner, and a conduitconnecting said casing with the burner, descending as it leaves saidcasing, whereby the passage of the mixed air and gas from said casingautomatically draws in an additional supply of air through saidair-inlet, substantially as described.

3. In a carbureting-lamp, the combination of an evaporating vessel,airinlet to said evaporating vessel, a suitable burner below the'levelof said vessel, a conduit for the gas leading from said evaporatingvessel to said burner, and -means for mixing an independent supply ofair with the gas in its passage through said conduit, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a carbureting-lamp, the combination of an evaporating vessel, asheet'of absorbent material supported in said evaporating vessel andpartially immersed in the fluid therein, air-inlet to said evaporatingvessel, a suitable burner below the level of said vessel, a conduit forthe gas leading from said evaporating vessel to said burner, and meansfor mixing an independent supply of air with the gas in its passagethrough said conduit, substantially as described.

5. In a carbureting-lamp, the combination of an evaporating vessel,air-inlet to said evaporating vessel, a suitable burner below the levelof said vessel, a conduit from said evaporating vessel to said burner,means for mixing air with the gas in its passage through said conduit, avalve in said conduit, means for closing said air inlet and connectiontherefrom to said valve, whereby air is admitted or shut oif from theevaporating vessel as the said valve is opened or closed respectively,substantially as described.

6. In a carbureting-lamp, the combination of an evaporating vessel, aseries of partiallyimmersed sheets of absorbent material so supported insaid evaporating vessel as to permit the circulation of air betweentheir unimmersed surfaces, means for controlling the admission of air tosaid evaporating vessel, a suitable burner below the level of saidvessel, a conduit from said evaporating vessel to said burner adapted toconvey gas to said burner by gravity, and means for mixing a secondsupply of air with the gas in its passage through said conduit,substantially as described.

7. In a carbureting-lamp, the combination of an evaporating vessel, aseries of partiallyimmersed sheets of absorbent material so supported insaid evaporating vessel as to permit the circulation of air betweentheir unimmersed surfaces, air-inlet to said evaporating vessel, asuitable burner below the level of the vessel, a conduit from saidevaporating vessel to said burner adapted to convey gas by gravity tosaid burner, means for mixing independently a second supply of air withthe gas in its passage through said conduit, a valve in said conduit,means for closing said air-inlet and connection therefrom to said valve,whereby air is admitted to or shut off from the evaporating vessel asthe said valve is opened or closed respectively, substantially asdescribed. 1

S. In a carbureting-lamp, the combination of an evaporating vessel,means for controlling the admission of air to said evaporating vessel, amixing-chamber below said evaporating vessel, means for independentlysupplying a second supply of air to said mixingchamber, a suitableburner below the level of the chamber, and a pipe leading from saidmixing-chamber to said burner through which gas may pass by gravity tosaid burner, substantially as described.

9. In a carbureting-lamp, the combination of an evaporating vessel,air-inlet to said evaporating vessel, a mixing-chamber below saidevaporating vessel, a perforated box for diffusing gas through saidmixing-chamber,

'a conduit from said evaporating vessel to said perforated box, meansfor supplying air to said mixing-chamber, a suitable burnerbelow thelevel of said chamber, and a pipe leading from said mixing-chamber tosaid burner Ill IIf

j duit, means for closing said air-inlet and which gas is conveyed bygravity to said evaporatingvvessel, a mixing-chamber below the level ofsaid chamber, and a pipe from '0nd mixing of the first mixture, andmeans air-inlet, substantially as described.

the level of said vessel, a conduit from said through which gas isconveyed by gravity to said burner, substantially as described.

10. In a carbureting-lamp, the combination of an evaporating vessel, airinlet to said said evaporating vessel, a perforated box for diffusinggas through said mixing-chamber, means for supplying air to saidmixing-chamber, a conduit from said evaporating vessel to saidperforated box, a valve in said conconnection therefrom to said valve,whereby air is admitted or shut off from said evaporating vessel as thesaid valve is opened or closed respectively, a suitable burner belowsaid mixing-chamber to said burner through burner, substantially asdescribed.

11. The combination of a mixer for hydrocarbon vapor and air, a casingconnected with the mixer, an air-inlet into the casing, means within thecasing for producing a secfor controlling said second mixing, a burner,and a conduit connecting said casing with the burner, descending as itleaves said casing, whereby the passage of the mixed air and gas fromsaid casing automatically draws in any additional supply of air throughsaid 12. In a carbureting-lamp, the combination evaporating vessel, asuitable burner below evaporating vessel to said burner, means for lmixing air with the gas in its passage through said conduit, and meansfor controlling such mixing, substantially as described.

13. Ina carbureting'lamp, the combination of an evaporating vessel, aseries of partiallyimmersed sheets of absorbent material so supported insaid evaporating vessel as to permit the circulation of air betweentheir unimmersed surfaces, means for controlling sage through saidconduit, and means for controlling said mixing, substantially asdescribed.

14. In a carbureting-lamp, the combination of an evaporating vessel,airinlet to said evaporating vessel, a mixing-chamber below saidevaporating-chamber, a perforated box for diffusing gas through saidmixing-chamber, a conduit from said evaporating vessel to saidperforated box, means for supplying air to said mixing-chamber, meansfor controlling the mixing of air and gas in said mixing-chamber, asuitable burner below the level of said chamber, and a pipe leading fromsaid mixing-chamber to said burner through which gas is conveyed bygravity to said burner, substantially as described.

WALTER S. STROWGER. lVitnesses O. M. PERKINS, F. BIssELL.

